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质量管理八大原则原则（下） Principle 5 System approach to management
原则5 管理的系统方法 Identifying, understanding and managing interrelated processes as a system contributes to the organization''s effectiveness and efficiency in achieving its objectives. 对相关的过程，作为一个系统，来进行识别、理解和管理。这将有助于组织有效力地和有效率地达到它的目标。 Key benefits: 关键好处： · Integration and alignment of the processes that will best achieve the desired results. 整合各个过程将最好地得到期望的结果。 · Ability to focus effort on the key processes. 关注于关键过程的能力。 · Providing confidence to interested parties as to the consistency, effectiveness and efficiency of the organization. 为相关利益团体在组织的连续性、有效力和有效率方面提供信心。 Applying the principle of system approach to management typically leads to: 应用管理的系统方法原则通常需要： · Structuring a system to achieve the organization''s objectives in the most effective and efficient way. 用最有效力和效率达到组织目标的方法来构建系统。 · Understanding the interdependencies between the processes of the system. 了解系统各过程之间的依赖关系。 · Structured approaches that harmonize and integrate processes. 用结构化的方法来协调和集成各过程。 · Providing a better understanding of the roles and responsibilities necessary for achieving common objectives and thereby reducing cross-functional barriers. 提供对达成共同目标必要的角色和职责更好的理解，从而减少交叉职能部门之间的障碍。 · Understanding organizational capabilities and establishing resource constraints prior to action. 了解组织能力，在行动前确定资源限制投条件。 · Targeting and defining how specific activities within a system should operate. 明确和定义特定的活动如何在系统中展开。 · Continually improving the system through measurement and evaluation. 通过测试和评估持续地改进系统。 Principle 6 Continual improvement 原则6 持续改进 Continual improvement of the organization''s overall performance should be a permanent objective of the organization. 持续改进组织的总体绩效应该是组织的永恒的目标。 Key benefits: 关键好处： · Performance advantage through improved organizational capabilities. 通过改进组织能力获得业绩优势。 · Alignment of improvement activities at all levels to an organization''s strategic intent. 在各层级合作展开改进活动为组织战略目标服务。 · Flexibility to react quickly to opportunities. 适应性以快速对机会做出反应。 Applying the principle of continual improvement typically leads to: 应用持续改进原则通常需要： · Employing a consistent organization-wide approach to continual improvement of the organization''s performance. 在全组织使用一致的方法来持续地改进组织的业绩。 · Providing people with training in the methods and tools of continual improvement. 对员工进行持续改进方法和工具的培训。 · Making continual improvement of products, processes and systems an objective for every individual in the organization. 把对产品、过程和系统进行持续改进作为组织每一个员工的一个工作目标。 · Establishing goals to guide, and measures to track, continual improvement. 建立目标来指导，测量来跟踪持续改进。 · Recognizing and acknowledging improvements. 认可和报偿改进。 Principle 7 Factual approach to decision making 原则7 基于事实的决策 Effective decisions are based on the analysis of data and information. 有效的决定都是基于对数据和信息的分析的。 Key benefits: 关键好处： · Informed decisions. 基于可靠信息的决定。 · An increased ability to demonstrate the effectiveness of past decisions through reference to factual records. 具有增强的能力来通过引用事实的记录展示过去决策有效性。 · Increased ability to review, challenge and change opinions and decisions. 具有增强的能力去评审、挑战和改变意见和决定。 Applying the principle of factual approach to decision making typically leads to: 应用基于事实的决策原则通常需要： · Ensuring that data and information are sufficiently accurate and reliable. 确保数据和信息足够的正确和可靠。 · Making data accessible to those who need it. 需要使用数据的人员能得到相关数据。 · Analysing data and information using valid methods. 应用有效的方法分析数据和信息。 · Making decisions and taking action based on factual analysis, balanced with experience and intuition. 决策和行动基于事实的分析，平衡经验和直觉。 Principle 8 Mutually beneficial supplier relationships 原则8 互利的供应商关系 An organization and its suppliers are interdependent and a mutually beneficial relationship enhances the ability of both to create value. 组织和它的供应商是相互依赖的。互利互助的关系增强了双方创造价值的能力。 Key benefits: 关键好处： · Increased ability to create value for both parties. 增强双方创造价值的能力。 · Flexibility and speed of joint responses to changing market or customer needs and expectations. 联合应对变化的市场和客户需求期望的适应性和速度。 · Optimization of costs and resources. 成本和资源的优化。 Applying the principles of mutually beneficial supplier relationships typically leads to: 应用互利的供应商关系原则通常需要： · Establishing relationships that balance short-term gains with long-term considerations. 基于平衡短期和长期收益，建立相互关系。 · Pooling of expertise and resources with partners. 和伙伴共享和汇集技术专长和资源。 · Identifying and selecting key suppliers. 识别和选择关系供应商。 · Clear and open communication. 畅通和开放地进行沟通。 · Sharing information and future plans. 共享信息和未来计划。 · Establishing joint development and improvement activities. 建立共同发展和改进的活动。 · Inspiring, encouraging and recognizing improvements and achievements by suppliers. 激发、鼓励和认可供应商的改进和成就。
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